避雷器安裝與調試翻譯-中英對照
7.1 安裝
7.1.1 安裝準備工作
7.1.1.1根據廠方或設計單位提供的地基圖檢查安裝現場建筑物、地面及基礎建造是否符合圖紙要求。
7.1.1.2安裝應避免雨天作業，安裝現場應無灰塵、積水，工作人員應穿戴干凈的工作服和手套。
7.1.1.3專用設備如氣體回收裝置、烘箱、微量水分儀、氣體檢漏儀等應處于良好的備用狀態。
7.1.1.4安裝調試前應清除GIS所有元件在運輸、貯存和安裝過程中累計的灰塵和水跡。
7.1.2 安裝作業
7.1.2.1安裝第一個間隔單元時，要按基礎圖確定好位置。就位后，用水平儀檢查母線筒的水平度，如果不平，可在底架和基礎間加調整墊校平。
7.1.2.2由于GIS在運輸過程中，母線外殼內充有0.02～0.05MPa的SF6氣體，安裝下一個間隔單元時，應將需要對接的氣室中的氣體放掉，處理好密封面，裝好密封圈，調整水平度，使其母線與第一個間隔的母線筒法蘭對正。必要時可以調整母線筒下的螺桿，也可以增減調整墊，使其達到要求，并保證母線導體接觸良好。
7.1.2.3依次類推，緊固螺栓時，應遵循對稱緊固的原則，每個螺栓不能一次擰緊，要對稱循環緊固。
7.1.2.4由于緊固和松開螺栓時可能會產生金屬異物，這些雜質落入罐內十分危險，因此作業完成后，需用吸塵器仔細清理，再用“無毛紙”或綢布擦凈。
7.1.2.5更換吸附劑。吸附劑易吸潮，因此在安裝前，一定要烘干處理。烘干溫度為300℃，經4小時烘干的吸附劑應放在密閉干燥的容器內冷卻然后立即裝入GIS。若裝入GIS內未及時封蓋密封超過四小時，則應重新進行烘干處理。
7.1.2.6抽真空。用軟管將GIS的氣室與回收裝置連接起來，啟動真空泵，首先檢查真空泵的轉向，然后抽到1乇（133Pa）后繼續抽30分鐘，關閉氣室的閥門，要求4小時內壓力變化不大于1乇。若超出范圍則需再抽到1乇并持續30分鐘，以確定是否存在泄漏或潮氣釋放。對于現場安裝中未拆卸的氣隔則不需要抽真空。
7.1.2.7充SF6氣體。首先排除氣體管路中的空氣然后按照SF6壓力溫度特性給各個氣室充氣至額定值。可以用SF6氣瓶直接充氣，也可以通過回收裝置進行充氣。
7.2 調試
調試前的檢查工作
7.2.1.1外觀檢查
檢查的主要內容有地腳及螺栓緊固、接地系統、儀表指示、SF6氣體壓力。
7.2.1.2 接線檢查
控制柜到操動機構的接線，電流互感器、電壓互感器等元件端子箱的接線等，都必須符合圖紙要求。
7.2.2 機械操作和機械特性試驗
7.2.2.1 斷路器機械操作和機械特性試驗
斷路器在進行電動操作之前，先不帶分閘彈簧進行慢分、慢合兩次，應無異常現象。然后進行機械特性試驗。
7.2.2.2 隔離開關和接地開關機械操作和機械特性試驗
隔離開關和接地開關的分、合閘時間應能滿足表4、表5的要求。
7.2.3 主回路電阻測量
主回路電阻的測量在進、出線端子或和接地開關端子之間進行，測量方法應和工廠內的測量方法相同。現場測量值不超過出廠試驗的20％時為合格。
7.2.4 主回路絕緣電阻測量
用1000V搖表測量主回路對地絕緣電阻應大于1000兆歐，輔助回路和控制回路對地絕緣電阻應大于2兆歐。
7.2.5六氟化硫氣體水分含量測量
氣瓶中的新SF6氣體的含水量應不大于120μL/L。設備內SF6氣體的含水量應在氣體充入48小時后進行測量，對斷路器隔室含水量應不大于150120μL/L。
7.2.6 泄漏試驗
用靈敏度不低于10-7MPa.cm3/s的SF6氣體檢漏儀檢查所有密封連接部分的氣密性，檢漏方法可采用局部包扎法，年漏氣率應不大于0.5％。
7.2.7 密度控制器動作壓力整定值檢測
a) 斷路器氣室
SF6氣體壓力降低報警壓力
啟動值Ps=0.55±0.02MPa，復位值Pr=Ps+(0.01～0.02)MPa
SF6氣體壓力降低閉鎖壓力
啟動值Ps=0.5±0.02MPa，復位值Pr=Ps+(0.01～0.02)MPa
b) 其它氣室
SF6氣體壓力降低報警壓力
啟動值Ps=0.45±0.02MPa，復位值Pr=Ps+(0.01～0.02)MPa
7.2.8 斷路器、隔離開關、接地開關電氣連鎖試驗
對于同一個間隔單元中的斷路器、隔離開關、接地開關必須滿足電氣控制原理圖所規定的連鎖條件。
7.2.9主回路工頻耐壓試驗
GIS在現場安裝、調試完成后，應對主回路（對地和斷口間）進行短時工頻耐壓試驗，施加電壓值為額定耐受電壓的80％。試驗時避雷器、電壓互感器、電纜終端應隔離。電流互感器二次端子應短接并接地。
7.2.10 控制回路工頻耐壓試驗
控制回路和輔助回路對地應進行短時工頻耐壓試驗，試驗電壓值為2kV，加壓時間1分鐘。
5.2.4 Current transformer
Current transformer is the electric consumption measurement and protecting component of GIS. The unit structure is indicated as Fig. 8. In operation, the secondary circuit shall not open, or there will produce the high voltage and cause the damage of equipments.
Fig. 8 Structure scheme of current transformer
5.2. 5Voltage transformer
The GIS adopts electromagnetism type voltage transformer with SF6 gas insulation, which is comprised of a capacitive voltage device and a magnetic unit.
5.2.6 Arresters
The GIS adopts the pot type zinc oxide arrester. The structure is indicated as the Fig 9.
Fig. 9 Structure scheme of arrester
5.2.7 Bus
The main bus of this GIS is the tube type structure of three phases. See Fig. 10.
Fig. 10 Structure scheme of bus
5.2.8 Local control panel
The local control panel (LCP) is the centralized controlling screen of GIS to implement the live monitoring and control. Generally, it processes the function of local control, signal transmission, protection, relaying and carrying on the function of controlling to SF6 system, etc.
Main function is as follows:
a) Implement the local selecting operation of high-voltage switch, and carry out the local operation on the switch board.
b) Monitor the opening and closing location of high-voltage switch.
c) Monitor the SF6 gas of each chamber whether is in the normal state.
d) Realize the electric interlocking of different switch components inside compartment of GIS and electric interlocking between the switch components.
e) Display the status of primary wiring and operation.
f) As the relaying terminal case between each GIS components and GIS main controlling room, accepts or sends a message.
g) Monitor whether the power of control circuit is normal, and carry out the protection procedure for the secondary controlling system of GIS through switch, fuse box and protecting switch.
h) Implement the vacuum pumping, gas inflating and gas sampling to SF6 chamber of GIS.
6. Package, transportation and storage
6.1 Generally, the integral package by each compartment shall be implemented after the GIS testing are qualified.
6.2 Generally, it is applicable to fill the gas with 0.02- 0.05MPa into the equipment before packaging, and arrange with the absorbent so as to prevent the dust and moisture.
6.3. Each one of project equipment is comprised of several package transportation units before ex-factory. The package should be checked in an all-round way according to the packing list.
6.4 Prevent the violent shake during the course of loading and unloading process of transportation so as to prevent equipment from damage.
6.5 The products should be stored in the dry and clean place while reaching the installation site.
7. Installation and testing
7.1 Installation
7.1.1 Preparation of installation
7.1.1.1 Check whether the installation site of building, ground and foundation is complied with the requirements of the drawing that provided by the manufacturer or the designing unit.
7.1.1.2 Installation shall avoid operating in the rainy day. The installation site shall free of dusts, and water accumulation. Staff members shall wear the clean work clothes and glove.
7.1.1.3 Special devices such as gas recovery device, oven, micro- moisture appearance and gas leak detector, etc. shall maintain in a good standby state.
7.1.1.4 It is required to remove the dust and water of all GIS components during the course of transportation, storage and installation before installation and testing.
7.1.2 Installation
7.1.2.1 It is required to confirm the position according to the foundation drawing while installing the first compartment unit. After taking the position, use the lever meter check the level degree of the bus tube. If the level degree is not smooth, it is applicable to add the adjusting cushion between the under-frame and foundation.
7.1.2.2 As the SF6 gas of 0.02- 0.05MPa is filled in the outer cover of bus bar during the course of transportation of GIS. It is necessary to release the gas of the chamber that need to connect while installing the next compartment unit. Pay attention to the sealing surface, sealing ring and adjusting the level degree, and then make the bus is leveled to the bus of the first compartment. Adjust the spiral shell pole under the bus tube when necessary. It is applicable to increase or decrease the adjusting cushion as well, so as to meet the requirement and guarantee bus bar conductor contacts is in good condition.
7.1.2.3 Analogizes sequentially, it is required to observe the symmetrical principle while fastening the bolt. Each bolt shall not be tightened in once and shall be tightened in symmetrical circulation.
7.1.2.4 As the metal foreign matter may be produced while fastening and unclamping the bolt. It is very dangerous if the impurity falls into the pot, so after the construction is completed, it is required to clear up carefully with the dust catcher or clean it with the silk or “glabrous paper”.
7.1.2.5 Replace absorbents: The absorbent has the problem of easily absorbing moisture, so before installation, it is necessary to implement the drying treatment. The drying temperature is about 300 Centigrade. The absorbent should be put in the airtight dry container for cooling and then pack into GIS immediately after 4 hours drying process. If the absorbent has not sealed or covered for over four hours in time after put into GIS, it is required to implement the dry process again .
7.1.2.6 Vacuum pumping: Connect the air chamber of GIS with recovery device by hose; start the vacuum pump, check the transformation of the vacuum pump at first, then continue to pump for 30 minutes after 1乇 pumping(133Pa ); closes the valve of air chamber. It is required that the pressure change shall not be greater than  1乇in 4 hours. It is required to pump 1乇and maintain 30 minutes if exceeds that range, in order to confirm that whether has the phenomena of leakage and moisture existing. As for the air compartment that is not dismantled in on-the-spot installation, it is unnecessary to carry out the vacuum pumping.
7.1.2.7 Fills SF6 gas: Release the gas pipeline at first, then fills the air chamber in specified value according to characteristic of SF6 pressure temperature. It is applicable to inflate directly with the gas cylinder of SF6 and inflate through the recovery device as well.
7.2 Testing
Inspection process before testing
7.2.1.1 Visual examination
The main content if visual examination includes foundation and bolt fastening, earth system, instrument instruction and SF6 gas pressure.
7.2.1.2 Wiring inspection
The wiring form switch board to operating mechanism and wiring of component terminal case such as current transformer and transformer voltage shall observe the requirement of drawing.
7.2.2 Machinery operating and mechanical property testing
7.2.2.1 The machinery operation of circuit breaker and mechanical property testing 
Before carrying on electronic operation of circuit breaker, carries out slow opening and slow closing twice with the opening spring. Ensure free of abnormal condition, and then carry on the mechanical property test.
7.2.2.2 Machinery operating and mechanical property testing of isolating switch and grounding switch
The operating period of opening and closing switch of isolating switch and grounding switch shall observe with the requirements of form 4 and form 5.
7.2.3 Resistance measurement of main circuit
Resistance measurement of main circuit shall be implemented between the inlet and outlet line terminal and grounding switch terminal. The measuring method shall be the same with measuring method of the factory. It is qualified that the measuring value on site shall not exceed 20% of the value when tests in the factory.
7.2.4 Insulating resistance measurement of main circuit
Applies the 1000V megohmmeter measure the main return circuit and the value of insulating grounding resistance shall be greater than 1000 ohm; the insulating grounding resistance of auxiliary circuit shall be greater than 2 ohm.
7.2.5 Measurement of moisture content of sulfur hexafluoride gas
The water content of new SF6 gas in the gas cylinder shall not be greater than 120μL/L. The water content of SF6 gas inside the equipment shall carry on the measuring process after filling for 48 hours. The water content of circuit breaker compartment shall not be greater than 150120μL/L .
7.2.6 Leakage test
Check the air tightness of all sealed connection parts with SF6 gas leak detector that the sensitivity is not lower than 10-7MPa.cm3/s. The leakage testing may adopt the part wrap up method. the annual gas leakage rate shall not be greater than 0.5%.
7.2.7 The setting value testing of operating pressure of density controller
a)Air chamber of circuit breaker
SF6 gas pressure reduces the warning pressure
Starting value Ps =0.55±0.02MPa, resetting value Pr =Ps+(0.01- 0.02)MPa
SF6 gas pressure reduces the pressure of locking
Starting value Ps =0.5±0.02MPa, resetting value Pr =Ps+(0.01- 0.02)MPa
b) Other air chambers
SF6 gas pressure reduces the warning pressure
Starting value Ps =0.45± 0.02MPa, resetting value Pr =Ps+(0.01- 0.02)MPa
7.2.8 Electric interlocking testing of circuit breaker, isolating switch and grounding switch
 The circuit breaker, isolating switch and grounding switch in the same compartment unit shall meet the interlocking condition stipulated in electric control schematic diagram.

2013.6.4