分詞短語
1/現在分詞短語：
現在分詞短語必須放在所修飾名詞的后面，它相當于一個包含一般時或進行時謂語的從句（完成分詞不能這樣用）：
It is a question puzzling (=that puzzles) many people.
(帶有賓語）（比較：It is a puzzling question.)

He was a businessman growing(=that grew ) rich in recent years.
(帶有補語)（比較：He is a growing boy.)

The gentleman talking (=who is talking ) so loudly is my uncle.
(帶有副詞) （比較：Can you read her talking eyes?)

The lady visiting (=who visited) us from time to time taught us French. (帶有副詞短語）

The girl coming to learn music is only siz years old. (帶有不定式作狀語）

"Anybody getting up as soon as the cock crows will be rewarded," said my father. (帶有狀語從句）

2/過去分詞短語：
過去分詞短語也必須放在所修飾的名詞后面，它相當于一個被包含有被動謂語的定語從句，這個謂語可以是完成時態，也可以是一般時態。 若分詞是被動進行形式（即由being開頭的短語），這個謂語又可以是進行時態。
Dogs cruelly treated (=which have been cruelly treated ) will be vicious. (帶有副詞）

The woman abandoned (=who had been abandoned) by her husband called on me one day. （帶有副詞短語）

I drink water boiled (=which has been boiled) at least ten minutes.

Book called (=that are called ) the comics may be harmful to children. (帶有補語）

Boys disciplined (=who are disciplined) when they are yong will become good citizens. (帶有狀語從句）

I shall study the subject being studied (=which is being studied) by so many students. (帶有being)

 The text-book being used (=which is being used) in this school is "Let Us Learn French".

譯路通武漢翻譯公司

2012.8.15