隔膜閥系列及技術規范翻譯-中英對照
隔膜閥系列
Series of diaphragm valve
隔膜閥是一種特殊形的截斷閥，具有沒有內外漏的特點，流線型的管道，使得壓力損失小。襯里的多樣性，可適用于各種介質，并具有良好的耐腐蝕性 
 Diaphragm valve is a special kind of stop valve, which is free of internal and external leakages. Streamlined pipe reduces loss of pressure. Various liners are suitable for different mediums with good corrosion resistance

本系列主要品種及技術規范 
Main varieties and technical specification

品  名
Description 型  號
Model 通徑等級mm 工  作  條  件
Working Condition 閥體材質
Materials of Valve
   壓力等級MPa
Grade of Pressure
MPa 適用介質
Suitable Medium 適用溫度℃
Temperature 
襯膠隔膜閥
Rubber lined diaphragm valve    W、非腐蝕性流體
W, Non-corrosive fluid   灰鑄鐵
Gray cast iron
襯氟塑料、橡膠
Fluoroplastic, rubber

直流隔膜閥
Straight flow diaphragm valve    J、一般腐蝕性流體
J, General corrosive fluid  
氣動隔膜閥
Pneumatic diaphragm valve      
電動膈膜閥
Electric diaphragm valve    Fs、強酸堿及各種有機溶液（溶堿金屬與氟除外）
Fs, Strong acid, alkali and various organic solutions (except metal dissolved in alkali or fluorin)
  

消聲器系列
Series of silencer
YDS聲波清灰器
YDS acoustic ash-cleaning device
     聲波清灰技術是在傳統除灰手段無法解決積灰問題的情況下，為滿足日益發展的節能環保要求發展起來的高新技術。該清灰系統可全面替代傳統的蒸汽吹灰、機械振打機構、脈沖閥、機械振動等清灰設備。  
The acoustic ash-cleaning technology is the high and new one developed for satisfying demand of energy saving and environment protection day by day when traditional ash-cleaning method is not available. This ash-cleaning system may completely replace traditional steam shoot cleaning, mechanical vibration structure, pulse valve and other ash-cleaning equipment.  
   工作原理 ：
Working principle:
      聲波清灰是利用聲場能量的作用，清除物體表面積灰的方法。
The acoustic ash-cleaning is a method that makes use of energy of acoustic field to clean ash on the surface of object.
      聲波發生器能夠將壓縮空氣的直流能量轉化為高強度交變力，往復交變作用于可能積灰的空間，通過聲能量的作用，對這些區域中的空氣分子與粉塵顆粒施以拉、壓循環變化的載荷，產生振蕩，有效破壞粉塵顆粒之間、粉塵與積灰壁之間的粘結力，使之處于疏松流化狀態，在重力作用下脫落。
Acoustic generator will transform straight flow energy of compressed air into alternating force, repeating alternative effects on space where is full of ash. Alternate load on air molecule and dust then vibrate in order to destroy bond force between ash and granule by using acoustic energy, finally the ash will loose and fall off due to gravity. 
   常用型號和技術參數
General model and technical parameter
型號
Model   
技術參數
Technical parameter   
清灰范圍（ m ）
Range of ash-cleaning   
聲壓級（ db ）
Sound pressure level   
氣源類型
Type of air supply 壓縮空氣
Compressed air 高壓蒸汽或壓縮空氣
High pressure stem or compressed air 高壓蒸汽或壓縮空氣
High pressure stem or compressed air
氣源
Air supply
 壓力（ Mpa ）
Pressure (Mpa)    
 溫度（℃）
Temperature (℃)   
電動機
Motor 電壓（ V ）
Voltage (V)   
 功率（ kw/ 臺）
Power (kw/set)   

RY消聲器
RY silencer
RY大孔降壓系列消聲器
RY macroporous decompression silencer
RY 系列小孔噴注消聲器
RY silencer with small hole jet
     RY 系列小孔噴注消聲器系九十年代研制、開發的新一代降噪產品，它根據大孔降壓小孔噴注消聲的原理，通過優化設計、其降噪指標， RY silencer with small hole jet is a new generation of noise reducing device which was researched and developed in 1900s. It optimized design and noise reducing index by applying principles of macroporous decompression and small hole jet.
 安全性能和使用壽命遠優于目前市場上同類產品，可更好的滿足電力、冶金、石油、化工、紡織、造紙、食品等工業的低低、中壓、次高壓、高壓、超高壓、亞臨界、超臨界等參數的各種鍋爐、壓力容器管道排汽（氣）放空及其安全閥、釋放閥排汽（氣）的降噪需要。與國內、外同類產品相比，本系列大孔降壓消聲器具有以下獨特優點： Safety performance and service life of this product are better than similar products currently, which could meet noise reducing requirements of various boilers, pressure vessels pipes, safety valves and release valves with low-low, medium pressure, sub-high pressure, high pressure, ultra-high pressure, sub-critical electric, supercritical parameters in power, metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, textile, paper making and food, etc. This macroporous decompression silencer has unique characters as followings:

     ●消聲量大。 RYB 子系列達 40dB(A) ， RYC 子系列達 30dB(A) （均已考慮指向性修正）；
     ● Strong noise elimination. The sub-series of RYB is 40dB (A), the sub-series of RYC is 30dB (A) (directivity correction is considered)
     ●體小質輕， RYB 消聲器與排汽管道直接焊接，安裝方便。在運行和停爐時能自由伸縮，使排汽管道不因消聲器的安裝而受到額外荷載，保證排汽管道工作的安全可靠；
      ● Small volume and light mass. RYB silencer is directly welded to exhaust tube and its installation is quite convenient which could freely expand and contract during operation and shutdown, without extra load on exhaust tube because of installing silencer. Therefore, the safety of exhaust tube operation is guaranteed. 
     ●結構簡潔、合理、檢修、維護工作量很小；
     ● Compact and reasonable structure, easy maintenance and service;
     ● 消聲筒材質采用不銹鋼（1Cr18Ni9Ti）制作，具有耐熱、耐腐性，能經久耐用。
特別說明：安裝 RYC 子系列消聲器后，安全閥、釋放閥的排量不受影響，啟跳、回座壓力亦不受影響。 
     ● The material of anechoic cylinder is made of stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti), which is heat resistance, anti-corrosion and durable service.
Special notification: after installing RYC sub-series of silencer, the discharge capacity of safety valve and release valve will not be affected or start and return pressure will not be influenced neither.
GFZ 系列風機消聲器
GFZ series of blower silencer
     GFZ 系列消聲器系依據風機噪聲頻譜，采用阻性吸聲原理設計、制造的新一代噪聲器。它主要用于降低 65t/h 、 75t/h 、 130t/h 、220t/h 、 400t/h 、 410t/h 、 670t/h 、 1025t/h 、 2008t/h 等容量電站鍋爐送風機進口側的空氣動力性噪聲，同時也可廣泛用于冶金、石油、化工、紡織、造紙、食品等其它工業部門。 
GFZ series of blower silencer fabricates a new generation of device according noise frequency and spectrum of blower by applying principle of acoustic absorption. It is used to reduce pneumatic noise on inlet side of blower of boiler in power station with capacities of 65t/h, 75t/h, 130t/h, 220t/h, 400t/h, 410t/h, 670t/h, 1025t/h and 2008t/h. It is also wide applied in metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, textile, paper making, food and other industrial department.
     GFZ 系列消聲器采用優化設計、結構合理、指標先進、除具有安裝方便、使用壽命長、維護工作量小等特點外、還具有消息聲量大 [ 大于 25dB(A)] 、消聲頻帶寬、再生噪聲低 [ 低市場同類產品低 2.5dB(A)] 、阻力損失小（僅為市場同類產品的 83% ）等突出的特點，并能方便清除消聲器內部的積灰。
GFZ series of silencer adopts optimized design, reasonable structure and advanced index with long life service, little maintaining work, strong noise elimination [(more than 25dB(A)], wide frequency of noise elimination, low regenerated noise [2.5dB(A) lower than products of the same kind on the market], low resistance loss (only 83% of similar product on the market) and so on. The ash inside of silencer is easily removed.
訂貨說明 ：
Order instruction:
     為確保 GFZ 系列消聲器與風機達到最佳匹配，具有良好的消聲效果，請客戶提供下列資料：
To ensure the GFZ series of silencer matching well with blower, the following information is provided:
     1、 風機的噪聲頻譜，或風機型號，鉻牌參數（轉速，葉片數，風量，風壓）；
1. The frequency and spectrum of noise for blower or model of blower, parameter of nameplate (rotational speed, number of blade, air volume and air pressure);
     2、 鍋爐容量；風道接口尺寸；通過消聲器的最大工作風量；允許阻力；
2.The capacity of boiler: interface size of air duct; maximum air volume passing through silencer; allowable resistance;
     3、 消聲器的布置方式和支座間距。
3. The layout of silencer and support distance.
     另外，還可應客戶的要求，設計專門的消灰孔，方便清除消聲器通道底部的積灰。
     特別說明：鑒于 GFZ 系列消聲器的構造特點，建議臥式布置，即消聲器的進，出口在同一水平位置，如需立式布置，請客戶于訂貨時申明，以便設計，制造時考慮。
Additionally, design special ash-eliminating hole according to requirement of clients to clean ash on the bottom of silencer.
 Specification notification: as for the structural feature of GFZ series of silencer, horizontal design is recommended, that is the inlet and outlet of silencer is in a horizontal level. If vertical design is necessary, clients should make a declaration on order for design and manufacture conveniently.

汽輪機旁路系列
Bypass series of steam turbine
汽輪機旁路系統裝置 
Systematic device for bypass of steam turbine
我江蘇宇達電站輔機閥門制造有限公司系中國電機工程學會團體會員單位。是汽輪機旁路裝置、減溫減壓裝置的專業制造廠家。多年來我公司在王惠雨教授的帶領下，對減溫減壓系列設備進行了系統的開發和研究。吸收和借鑒了德國ARCA公司、瑞典CCI公司、蘇爾壽、德國西門子公司下屬的TW公司等的先進經驗；并開發研制出了與減溫減壓設備相配套的新型焊接籠罩式減壓閥（專利號ZL02218384.1）、分段式調節閥（專利號ZL01237443.1）、分段式環形可調節噴咀(專利號ZL01237444.X)、以及新型節流元件（專利號ZL02218383.3）等專利產品。彌補了我國產品加工制造過程中，原材料材質差、母機加工精度低、加工工藝落后等缺陷。克服了減溫減壓系列產品調節線性差、調節范圍小、噪音大、振動激烈、減溫水霧化不均勻以及出口蒸汽品質差、泄漏率大、設備動作不靈敏、產品使用壽命短等難題。多年來隨著不斷推廣和運用，我們的產品被越多越多的用戶所接受。為了使廣大用戶對我們的產品有更多的了解，在此我們作一簡單介紹。
Jiangsu Yuda Power Station Auxiliaries & Valve Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is a member unit of Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering, which is a special manufacture of bypass device of steam turbine and temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices. Leaded by Professor Wang Huiyu in many years, our company had a systematic development and research on temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices. We absorbed advanced experience of Germany ARCA Corporation, Sweden CCI Corporation, Sulzer Corporation, TW Company affiliated to Germany Siemens Corporation and so on; researched and developed new welding case type decompression valve (patent no. ZL02218384.1) matched for temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices, segment formed control valve (patent no. ZL01237443.1), segment formed adjustable nozzle (patent no.ZL01237444.X) and new throttling element, etc, which made up the defects of poor raw material, low processing precision and backward technology; conquered poor adjustment for temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices, small adjusting range, loud noise, intense vibration, uniformity of attemperation water, poor quality of steam from outlet, large leakage ratio, insensitive action of equipment, short life service of product and so on. Through continuous promotion and practice, our product will be accepted by more and more clients. We will make a brief introduction as following:
一、旁路系統的主要作用
I. Main functions of bypass system
1.1在鍋爐啟停過程中，運行人員可以通過增加鍋爐負荷來提高升溫升壓速度，并可將鍋爐蒸汽量及蒸汽溫度提高到一個較高水平，從而可以大大縮短機組冷態或熱態啟動時間。
1.1 During startup or shutdown of boiler, operator may raise temperature and pressure ascending speed to increase load of boiler, and raise the steam volume of boiler and steam temperature to a higher level so as to shorten starting time for machine in cold state and thermal state.
1.2實現在停機時不停爐,以便于在短時間停機后,快速使汽機帶負荷,避免由于鍋爐重新點火升溫升壓而造成啟動延誤。
1.2 Realize shutdown of machine without stopping boiler, so as to avoid delay of startup due to re-ignite and temperature rising in a short duration after shutdown.
1.3一定容量的汽機旁路可在汽輪機沖轉前使鍋爐煤燃燒率穩定在允許的最低負荷以上運行，而不必動用燃油系統,既可節省燃油又可提高升溫升壓速度。
1.3 Bypass of steam turbine with certain capacity may allow the boiler to operate with a combustion rate above the lowest load without using fuel system before steam turbine rotating, which saves fuel and raises speed of temperature and pressure ascending. 
1.4由于再熱器被高壓旁減溫后的蒸汽冷卻,從而在鍋爐啟停過程中保護了再熱器。
1.4 Because the reheater is cooled by temperature reducing steam of high pressure bypass, the reheated is protected during the startup and shutdown of boiler.
1.5當出現甩負荷等工況時,旁路能快速打開,從而減少了安全門動作次數,不但保護了安全門的嚴密性,并可避免主燃料跳閘。
1.5 When load rejection occurs, bypass will open soon so as to reduce action of safety door, which could protect the tightness of safety and avoid tripping of main fuel.
1.6低旁具有快關功能，當凝汽器超溫超壓時起到保護凝汽器的作用。
1.6 Low pressure bypass has function of swift shutdown in order to protect steam condenser when temperature and pressure of steam condenser is beyond standard.
1.7機組正常運行時，旁路系統的自動調節作用可以有效地防止主蒸汽及再熱蒸汽超壓。
1.7 When the device is operating normally, the automatic adjustment of bypass system will prevent the main steam and regenerated steam surpassing pressure effectively.
二、旁路系統簡述
II. Description of bypass system
旁路系統可分為汽機旁路和過熱器旁路。在這里我們著重介紹汽機旁路的有關內容。
Bypass system is divided into steam turbine bypass and super-heater bypass. We induced relative content about bypass of steam turbine.
汽輪機旁路一般由高壓旁路和低壓旁路組成，通常串聯。無論是高旁還是低旁一般都由旁路蒸汽轉換閥、噴水調節閥自動控制系統等組成。必要時還可增加主蒸汽隔斷閥，減溫水隔斷閥等相關部件。
Steam turbine bypass is generally made of high pressure bypass and low pressure bypass, series connection is available. Either high pressure bypass or low pressure bypass is composed of bypass steam conversion valve, spray water control valve and so on. Major steam stop valve, attemperation water stop valve and other relevant parts are added when necessary.
其中旁路系統的主要部件為旁路蒸汽轉換閥，它是旁路系統的核心，決定了整套裝置的性能和質量。旁路蒸汽轉換閥通常又被稱為旁路調節閥，蒸汽變換閥，減溫減壓閥等等。旁路蒸汽變換閥要求減溫減壓必須在同一閥體內完成，壓力對閥體的要求越厚越好，能更好地承壓，而溫度要求閥體壁越薄越好，才能快速消除溫度應力對閥體造成的傷害，保護閥體。如果減溫水直接作用于旁路閥閥體或減溫水霧化不徹底，勢必由于溫度應力的原因導致閥體產生延時裂紋，事故隱患隨之而產生，系統壽命也將大大縮短。同時減溫水的霧化方式和效果，也決定了影響著出口蒸汽的品質和整套系統的噪音、振動、調節精度等。因此旁路閥的設計制造技術相當關鍵。
The main parts of bypass system are bypassing steam reversion valve which is the core of bypass system and decides the performance and quality of whole set of device. Bypassing steam conversion valve is usually called bypass regulation valve, steam conversion valve or temperature reducing & pressure reducing valve and so on. Bypassing steam conversion system requires that temperature reducing and pressure reducing should be finished in one valve, as pressure requires thicker valve body to undertake pressure better and temperature requires thinner wall to eliminate damage to valve due to temperature stress for protecting valve body. If attemperation water acts on valve body of bypass valve directly or atomization of attemperation water is not thorough, the valve body will crack because of temperature stress, bringing hidden trouble for safety and reducing service life of system at the same time. Moreover, the atomization pattern and effect of attemperation water will determine steam quality on outlet and noise, vibration and regulating precision of whole system, etc. Therefore, the designing and manufacturing technology of bypass valve is very crucial.
三、結構特點
III. Structural feature
3.1我公司的旁路閥閥體嚴格按GB10868-89《減溫減壓閥技術條件》設計制造，采用鍛焊結構。
3.1 The bypass valve produced by our company is strictly designed and manufactured according to GB10868-89 “Specifications of the steam converting valve”, with welded structure.
3.2旁路閥采用減溫減壓一體化結構，但減溫減壓分段進行的結構形式。整個減溫減壓可分為四個階段（詳見產品圖紙）。
 3.2.The integrated structure that the bypass valve adopts is temperature reduction and decompression, but the temperature reduction and decompression is in a different period and step. The entire process can be divided into four stages (see products drawing).

3.3當蒸汽進入閥體時，先進入相當于籠罩式減壓閥的閥芯，進行第一減壓，在此階段相當于減壓閥的減壓過程，在這里我們對閥體內腔作了特殊處理，消除了卡門渦流的和汽蝕產生（與同行廠家的減壓閥結構有較大區別詳見我公司焊接式減壓閥專利號ZL0221838.1）。其中籠罩式減壓閥具有調節閥、減壓閥和截止閥的三重功效。當閥體關閉時，內活塞相當于截止閥閥瓣，從而具有良好的密封性能。由于密封面堆焊了高硬度硬質合金，閥門可以達到零泄漏，而且使用壽命相當長。
 閥瓣、閥桿、閥座都采用了優質耐熱合金材料，并經過固熔滲氮等處理。提高了閥桿、閥瓣的硬度和耐磨，可以防止由于熱膨脹閥桿、閥瓣咬死的情況發生。

 3.3.When the steam enters valve body, it enters the valve core equivalent to the shrouding type relief pressure valve, and perform the first depression process, which equivalents to depression course of relief pressure valve in this stages. The special-purpose processing in the inner chamber of valve we adopt here dispels the occurrence of Karmen vortex and cavitation erosion (have a great difference with the pressure relief valve structure of relevant trade, for detail information see the welding type patent ZL0221838.1 of relief pressure valve of our company). The pressure relief valve of shrouding type has the triple function of regulating valve, pressure relief valve and shutoff valve. When the valve body is closed, the interior piston is equivalent to valve flap of shutoff valve, thus have good sealing properties. Because the sealed surface has piled and welded with the high hardness hard alloy, the valve can reach to zero leakage, and the service life is quite long.

 Valve flap, the valve stems and valve base all have adopted the high-quality heat-resisting alloy material, and processed with melting and nitriding procedure ,etc. which improved the hardness and wear-resisting of valve stem and valve flap, so as to prevent the occurrence of the valve stem and valve flap blockage due to the situation of thermal expansion. 

　　3.4蒸汽經過一次減壓后，到達閥體下部進入減溫階段，在此部位減溫水進入閥體。根據熱力學計算，減溫水的噴射速度為18～23.6m/s其霧化效果最佳。為了保證噴射速度控制在此范圍內，一方面我們采用了分段式調節閥（詳見我公司分段式調節閥專利，專利號ZL01237443.1）控制減溫水的噴射量，另一方面我們采用了環形噴咀結構。充分保證了減溫水不受上部閥門開度和減溫水壓力的影響，減溫水霧化效果始終處于最佳狀態。
　　在此階段國內外產品均采用桿狀噴咀，插入閥體內，實現減溫。環形噴咀較桿狀噴咀有以下特點：(1)、桿狀噴咀插在閥體內,自然會產生卡門渦流和汽蝕現象,給整個系統帶來了噪音和振動。(2)、桿狀噴咀插在閥體內長期振動，必然會影響設備使用壽命，甚至嚴重時，噴咀折斷造成事故。(3)、環形噴咀由于噴咀孔多面積大，從而大大降低了減溫水的水珠顆粒直徑，比桿狀噴咀更能充分霧化減溫水。同時，當蒸汽需要相同量的減溫水時，桿狀噴咀的減溫水是線狀注入的，而環形噴咀的減溫水是面狀噴射的進入閥體，從而大大縮短了減溫水的霧化過程。
環形噴咀的結構形式，其實早就被國內外專家所認識和接受，但由于長期以來，環形噴咀減溫水水室與閥體直接接觸，溫度應力無法消除。因此一直不能得到推廣和運用。我公司王惠雨教授通過多年的研制和開發，終于開發出了減溫水水室與閥體不直接接觸的特殊結構形式。徹底解決了消除溫度應力這一難題。并因此而獲得了實用新型專利（專利號ZL01237444.X）。
 3.4.The steam reach to the bottom body of the valve and enter the temperature reduction stage after depression. The temperature reduction water in this position enters into valve body. According to the calculation of thermodynamics, the spraying speed of temperature reduction water has the best effect of atomizing result in 18- 23.6m/s. For the ensuring spray speed in this range, on one hand we have adopted the segmenting type regulating valve (for detail information see the segmenting type regulating valve patent of our company, patent number ZL01237443.1) to control the spraying amount of temperature reduction water; on the other hand we have adopted the structure of ring nozzle so as to fully guarantee the temperature reduction water is free of valve opening degree and temperature reduction water pressure influence. The effect of temperature reduction water atomizing result may maintain in best state all the time.

 The domestic and international products of this stage usually adopt the form of rod shape nozzle; insert into the valve body and realize temperature reduction. The ring nozzle has the following feature compared with the rod shape nozzle: (1). the rod shape nozzle inserting in the valve body, and emerge the phenomenon of Karmen vortex and cavitation erosion naturally , which brought the noise and vibration to the whole system. (2). the rod shape nozzle shaking for a long time in the valve body will inevitablely influence equipment service life, the break of rod shape nozzle may cause the accident in a serious condition. (3). The ring shape nozzle reduced the diameter of water drop particle of temperature reduction water in a considerable degree, which may realize the fully atomizing result compared with rod shape nozzle. Meanwhile, when the steam needs the same quantity of temperature reduction water, the temperature reduction water of rod shape nozzle is linear to pour into, and the temperature reduction water of ring shape nozzle is flat spraying, so as to shorten the atomized course of reducing the temperature reduction water greatly .

 In fact the structure form of ring shape nozzle has already known and accepted by the domestic and international expert. However, it can not be popularized and applied in application all the time. due to the reason that the temperature stress can not be eliminated because the contacting of rod shape nozzle temperature reduction water and valve body. Wang Hui, rain professor of our company finally developed special structure form in which the temperature reduction water and valve body were not contact directly through the years of research and development, which Have solved this difficult problem of the temperature stress elimination completely. And has obtained the practical new-type patent (patent number ZL01237444.X ).

　　3.5蒸汽經過減溫后，進入第三、第四階段，我們的產品在此部位有兩塊降壓降噪孔板，一方面這兩塊節流孔板對蒸汽進行了第二次、第三次降壓；另一方根據我國科學家馬大龍的小孔消音原理，對設備進行降噪處理；另外，這兩塊節流孔板還可以防止未及時霧化的減溫水進一步霧化，提高蒸汽品質。在此我們也保證了設備在距閥門出口一米噪音不大于80Db（A）。
總之，我們的旁路裝置的產品技術較國內外相比具有明顯的優越性，多年來廣大用戶的意見反饋給予了我們充分的肯定。當然技術和質量的追求是無止境的，為了我們能為您提供更先進成熟的產品，歡迎廣大用戶和同仁對我們的產品多提寶貴意見，對我們的產品制造進行指導和幫助。使我們更好地為國內外電力事業作出更大貢獻。
 3.5.The steam enters the third, the fourth stage through desuperheating. There are two pressure and noise reduction orifice plate of our products in this position, on one hand these two throttled orifice plate has been processed through the decompression for second and third times; another party applies noise reduction process to the equipment according to noise reduction method of scientist Dalong Ma of our country, on the other hand these two throttled orifice plate can also prevent further atomizing of  reduce warm ink which fails to atomize on time, so as to improve the steam quality. Here we guarantee the noise of equipment distant form valve outlet shall not be greater than 80Db (A).

 In a word, it has obvious superiority that the products technology of our bypass device is compared both at home and abroad, the feedback suggestion of the masses users has successfully identified us for many years. It has no doubt that the pursuit of the technology and quality has no limits, and offer more advanced and matured products for you. We welcome the masses of users and colleagues to raise more valuable suggestions to our products for guidance and assistance. Make us offer greater contribution for the domestic and international electric cause better.

4.1.2 旁路裝置主要功能：
4.1.2.The main function of bypass device:
4.1.2.1 改善機組的啟動性能。
機組在各種工況（冷態、溫態、熱態和極熱態）用高中壓缸啟動時，投入旁路系統控制鍋爐蒸汽使之與汽機汽缸金屬溫度較快的相匹配，從而縮短機組啟動時間和減少蒸汽向空排放及減少汽機循環壽命損耗，實現機組的最佳啟動。
4.1.2.1.Improvment of unit starting performance.
The unit applies high pressure and middle pressure starting under various kinds of operating mode (cool, warm, hot and extreme hot), the bypass system control boiler steam to match with machine cylinder metal temperature quickly, thus shorten unit start-up time and reduce empty emission of steam and reduce life-span of turbine circulation, so as to realize the best starting of units.
4.1.2.2 機組正常運行時，高壓旁路閥作為超壓保護安全裝置。
一旦主蒸汽超過高壓旁路的設定值，高壓旁路閥快速開啟，并按照機組主蒸汽壓力進行自動調節，直至恢復到正常值。
4.1.2.2. In case of unit is in a normal running condition, the high-pressure bypass valve is served as exceeding pressure safety protecting device.
 Once the main steam exceeds the settlement value of the high-pressure bypass, the high-pressure bypass valve shall open quickly, and automatically perform adjustment according to main steam pressure of until normal value resumed.

4.1.2.3 旁路適應機組定壓和滑壓運行兩種方式，并配合機組控制實現調節負荷的作用。
當汽機負荷低于鍋爐最低穩燃負荷時，（不投油穩燃負荷）通過旁路的調節，使機組允許穩定在低負荷狀態下運行。旁路系統在機組啟動和接帶負荷以及RB時投入使用，以縮短啟動時間和維持機組穩定和安全運行。
 4.1.2.3.The bypass shall meet the rated pressure and sliding pressure operating mode of unit, and cooperate with the unit to realize function regulating control of load.

 When the load of the turbine is lower than the lowest steady load of the boiler combustion (steady combustion load free of oil feeding ). Ensure the unit is operating in a stead condition through the regulation of the bypass. The bypass system operates while starting, connecting and RB loading is in service, so as to shorten start-up time and maintain  stable and safe operation of unit.

4.1.2.4 當電網或機組故障跳閘甩負荷時，旁路裝置快速動作，實現空轉或停機及維持鍋爐最小負荷運行功能，使機組能隨時重新并網恢復正常運行。
 4.1.2.4.When electric wire net or unit trouble trip in a load rejection mode, the bypass device move quickly, to realize the minimum load operation function of the boiler in idling  or shutting down and maintaining mode, so as to enable unit to be incorporated into the power networks and resumed normal running at any time.

4.1.2.5 當啟動和甩負荷時，可保護布置在煙溫較高區的再熱器，以防燒壞。
4.1.2.5.In case of starting and load rejection mode, it can protect the reheating devices located in high temperature and smoke area , so as to prevent condition of burning out.
4.1.2.6 回收工質，減少噪音。
4.1.2.6.Working medium recovery, noise reduction.
4.1.3 型式及組成：
　　本工程汽機采用高壓旁路（主蒸汽）和低壓旁路（再熱蒸汽）二級串聯旁路系統。高壓旁路系統一般由高壓旁路減溫減壓閥（高旁閥）、噴水調節閥、噴水隔離閥組成。低壓旁路系統一般由低壓旁路減壓閥、低壓旁路減溫裝置、噴水調節閥組成。
　　高壓旁路對新蒸汽管系的安全保護功能：
　　當機組在運行下列情況之一發生時，高壓旁路應能快速開啟。
　　新蒸汽壓力超過設定值。當壓力恢復到設定值及以下時，高旁閥自動關閉；
　　汽輪機跳閘，自動主汽門關閉；
　　發電機油開關跳閘。
　　低壓旁路對再熱蒸汽管系的安全保護功能：
　　當低旁閥前壓力超過設定值，低旁自動快速開啟向凝汽器泄流降壓。當壓力恢復到正常值后低旁將自動關閉。
　　低壓旁路對凝汽器的安全保護功能：
　　當機組在啟動或運行中有下列情況之一發生時，高壓旁路能自動快速關閉。
　　凝汽器真空下降到設定值；
　　凝汽器溫度高于設定值；
　　凝汽器熱井水位高于設定值；
低旁出口壓力或溫度高于設定值。
4.1.3.Patterns and composition:
 The turbine of this project adopts the high-pressure bypass (main steam) and low-voltage bypass (reheated steam) second stage series connection bypass system. High-pressure bypass system generally consisted by high pressure temperature and pressure reduction valve (high pressure bypass valve ), spraying water regulating valve, and spraying water isolating valve. The low-voltage bypass system is generally consisted by reduced the warm device, sprayed water by the low-voltage temperature and pressure reduction valve, low-voltage bypass temperature and pressure reduction device and spraying water regulating valve, and spraying water isolating valve.

Safe protection function that the high-pressure bypass for the new steam pipe:
 When the unit is operating under one of the following situations, the high-pressure bypass should be able to be opened quickly.

 The new steam pressure exceeds the establishing value. When the pressure resumes the value and below, the high pressure bypass valves shall close automatically;

The steam turbine trips, the automatic main air gate close ;
The oil switch of the generator trips.
 Safe protection function that the low-voltage bypass for the reheated steam pipe:

 When valve precious pressure exceed the set value, bypass opened to discharge the condenser for decompression. The low pressure bypass shall close automatically after pressure resuming to normal value.

 The safe protection function of low-voltage bypass for condenser :

 When the unit is operating under one of the following situations, the low-pressure bypass should be able to be opened quickly.

The vacuum of condenser drops below the set value;
The temperature of condenser is higher than the set value;
The hot well level of condenser is higher than the set value;
 The pressure and temperature of low pressure bypass outlet is higher than the set value.

4.2.3 自控系統可靠地保證旁路閥門動作符合下列要求
　　高壓旁路閥的開度在95%以下時：
　　新蒸汽壓力上升，閥門則隨之逐漸開啟；
　　新蒸汽壓力下降，閥門則隨之逐漸關閉。
　　高壓旁路閥的開度在95%以上時：
　　新蒸汽壓力上升，閥門則隨之幾乎不動；
　　新蒸汽壓力下降，閥門則隨之向關閉方向動作，直到壓力達到設定值為止。
　　（3）新蒸汽流量在旁路裝置設計容量以下時，新蒸汽壓力下降，旁路閥則幾乎不動。
　　（4）新蒸汽流量在旁路裝置設計容量以上時，新蒸汽壓力下降，旁路閥則隨之向關閉方向動作。
（5）當新蒸汽壓力穩定較長時間，閥門則將向關閉方向動作，直到關完為止。
4.2.3.The automatic control system shall reliably guarantee that valve movements of the bypass comply with the following requirements.
 
The opening degree of high-pressure bypass valve is under 95%:
The new steam pressure rises, the valve is opened gradually ;
The new steam pressure drops, the valve is closed gradually .
When high-pressure bypass valve opening degree is above 95%.
The new steam pressure rises, the valve remain stillness;
 The new steam pressure drops, the valve is moved in the direction of closing, until pressure reach the set value.

     ( 3) When the new flow of steam is under the design capacity of the bypass device, the new steam pressure drops, the bypass valve remain stillness.
      ( 4) When the new flow of steam is above design capacity of the bypass device, the new steam pressure drops, the bypass valve is moved in the direction of closing.

      ( 5) As new steam pressure shall remain steady condition for a long time, the valve moves to the shut off direction until closed completely.

4.2.4 旁路裝置具有下列聯動保護
　　旁路噴水調節閥打不開，則旁路閥關閉。
　　當高壓旁路閥快速關閉時，其噴水調節閥則同時或超前關閉，并應自動閉鎖溫度自控系統。
　　低壓旁路閥快速打開時，其噴水閥稍超前開啟。
　　當低壓旁路閥快速關閉時，高旁不需隨動，但可手動（遙控）快速關閉。
　　當高壓旁路壓力調節閥打開時，高壓旁路溫度調節系統切換到自動運行。
　　當高壓旁路壓力調節閥打開（或關閉）時，高壓旁路噴水隔離閥聯鎖打開（或關閉）。
　　當低壓旁路壓力調節閥打開時，低壓旁路溫度調節系統切換到自動運行。
當低壓旁路壓力調節閥打開（或關閉）時，去凝汽器的三級噴水閥也聯鎖打開（或關閉）。
4.2.4.The bypass device has the following to linkage protection.
When bypass sprays water the regulating valve can not be opened, the bypass valve closed .
 When the high-pressure bypass valve is closed quickly, the spray water regulating valve shall close at the same time or close in advance, and also lock the temperature automatic control system automatically.

 When the low-voltage bypass valve is opened quickly, the spraying water valve open slightly in advance.

 When the low-voltage bypass valve is closed quickly, the high pressure bypass need not move at the same time, but quick manual (remote) control closing is available.

When the high-pressure bypass pressure regulating valve is opened, the high-pressure bypass temperature control system is switched to running mode automatically.
 When the high-pressure bypass pressure regulating valve is opened (or closes ), the high-pressure bypass spraying water and isolating valve interlock open (or closes ).

When the low-voltage bypass pressure regulating valve is opened, the low-voltage bypass temperature control system is switched to running mode automatically.
 When the low-voltage bypass pressure regulating valve is opened (or closes ), the tertiary water spraying valve interlocked of condenser open (or closes ).

4.2.5 對于電動旁路閥系統當正在動作中的控制電源突然斷電時，此時各閥能停止在斷電前的位置。
 4.2.5.When the control power of electronic bypass valve system in movements suddenly shut off, each valve shall remain the position before shut off.

4.2.6 旁路閥不另設專門的支承裝置。閥門可水平或垂直（包括執行器倒置）布置。執行機構對于閥座的連接方位可旋轉。
 4.2.6.The bypass valve does not equip the special supporting device separately. Valve can be assigned in horizontal or vertical (including the carrying out device is inverted ) layout. It is applicable for the valve seat of executive body to rotate in connection position.

4.2.7 旁路裝置在設計參數下快速動作時，其噪聲不超過80分貝dB(A),(距裝置1米外的空間范圍)。
4.2.7.When the bypass device is in fast movements under the design parameter, the noise does not exceed 80 decibels of dB (A ) , (1 meter space away from device ).
4.2.8 我方所選的閥門、噴嘴材料要保證與需方所采用的管道材料的可焊性。焊接接口應與高低壓旁路系統規范表中要求的接管匹配，焊接坡口要滿足需方的要求。
 4.2.8.The valve, spraying nozzle material we selected shall ensure the pipeline material weldability of demanding party. Weld interface shall match with the connector of high pressure and low pressure listed in the bypass system standardize form. The welding groove shall meet the requirements of demanding party.

4.2.9 閥門能承受管道系統施加在閥上的力和力矩。閥門能承受快速開、關引起的振動。
4.2.9.The valve can bear the strength and moment that the pipeline system exert on the valve . The valve can bear the vibration of quick opening and closing.
4.2.10 所有閥門的結構便于維修。
 4.2.10.All valves structure shall be convenient for maintenance.

4.2.11 所有閥門的設計、制造按照ASME或TRD等國際通用標準，并需方提供上述標準的文件（我方中標后向需方提供）。
4.2.11. All the designs and manufacturing of valves shall conform to the general  international standard of ASME or TRD, etc. and the demanding party shall offer the above-mentioned standard files (we offer to the demanding party after winning a bid).
4.2.12 我方保證閥門嚴密不漏，閥門的泄漏試驗要符合ANSI B16.104 V級標準。
 4.2.12.We guarantee that the valve is tight and free of leakage , the leakage test  of the valve should comply with the V grade of  ANSI B16.104.

4.3 設備制造要求：
4.3.Device fabrication requirements:
 4.3.1旁路裝置的各閥門制造應符合JB3595-2002《電站閥門制造技術條件》和GB10869-89 《電站調節閥技術條件》及GB10868-89《電站減溫減壓閥技術條件》的有關規定。對于進口旁路裝置還滿足ISO有關標準。

 4.3.1. Each valve of the bypass device shall comply with the relevant regulations of JB3595-2002 “Valve Manufacturing Technology Condition of Hydropower Station” and GB10869-89 “Technological Condition of Regulating Valve of Hydropower Station” and GB10868-89 “Hydropower Station Temperature Reduction Technological Condition of Relief Pressure Valve”. The importing the bypass device shall meet the relevant standards of ISO.

　　（1）對于閥門的鑄鋼件，符合JB2640-81 《鍋爐管道附件承壓鑄鋼件技術條件》的規定；
 ( 1) The cast steel valves shall comply with the regulations of JB2640-81 “technological terms of pipeline enclosure of the boiler bearing cast steel”;
　　（2）對于閥門的鍛鋼件，符合JB2633-81《鍋爐鍛件技術條件》的規定，和GB12228-89通用閥門碳素鋼鍛件技術條件。
對于閥門承壓焊接件，符合JB/T4709-92《鋼制壓力容器焊接規程》的規定。
( 2) The forged steel parts valves shall comply with the regulation of JB2633-81 “technological condition of the boiler forging”, and GB12228-89 general technological condition of carbon steel forging of valve.
 The pressure bearing welding piece of valves shall comply with the regulation of JB/T4709-92 “the steel pressure container welding regulation”.

4.3.2 閥體采用鍛焊結構，以提高抗熱沖擊能力和確保其質量。
4.3.2.The valve body adopts the forging and welding structure, so as to improve the capacity of anti o assault ability and heat resistance and ensure its quality.
4.3.3 閥門結構設計具有當今世界先進水平即：功能多、噪聲低、結構緊湊、動作靈活和重量輕等特點。
 4.3.3. The structural design of the valves apply the present advanced international standards such as multi-functions, low noise, compact structure, flexible movement and light weight.

4.3.4 閥門關閉要嚴密而無泄露（在要求的檢修期內），閥芯及閥座應耐磨，耐沖刷并便于拆裝與研磨。
4.3.4.Valve shut off shall be tightly and free of leakage (expire date of maintenance), valve core and valve bear shall be wear-resisting, bear eroding and convenient for disassemble, assemble and grinding.
4.3.5 高、低壓旁路閥在4%~100%的流量條件下，旁路噴水閥具有良好的噴水霧化效果。

 4.3.5.When the high and low-voltage bypass valve is under 4%-100% of the flow condition, the bypass spraying water valve has a good atomizing result of water spraying.

4.4 設備材質要求及保證：
4.4 The equipment material requirements and guarantee:
4.4.1 旁路裝置閥門制造，按壓力容器受壓元件的條件選用鋼材。鋼材的質量及規格符合相應的國際標準、國家標準或有關技術條件，并附有鋼廠的鋼材質量證明書。
 4.4.1.The steel materials of bypass valve manufacturing shall be selected according to the condition of pressure container. The quality and specification of the steel shall conform with corresponding international standard, national standard or relevant technological conditions , and enclose the steel quality testimonials of the steel factory.

4.4.2 閥門的結構及其零件所采用的材料保證在規定的條件下可靠的使用。零件材料符合設計圖樣的規定。
4.4.2.The structure of the valve and material adopted of part guarantee the reliable use under the fixed condition. The part material shall conform with the regulation of designing drawing.
4.4.3 閥門受壓元件用鋼應由平爐、電爐或氧氣轉爐冶煉。
 4.4.3.The pressure part of valve shall be melting by open hearth furnace, electric furnace or oxygen converter.

4.4.4 我公司具有科學的、完善的質量管理體系，保證成品質量及零件在材料庫及加工各工序中不致混材和錯用材料。
 4.4.4.Our company has a scientific, perfect quality management systems, to ensure the mixing material and misuse materials situation shall not occur in every procedure of finished product quality and part in the material storehouse.

4.5設備產品設計、制造應遵守下列規范和標準:
　　B3595-2002 《電站閥門制造技術條件》；
　　B2633-81 《鍋爐鍛件技術條件》；
　　JB755-89 《壓力容器鍛件技術條件》；
　　JB2640-81 《鍋爐管件附件承壓鑄鋼件技術條件》；
　　JB/T4709-92 《鋼制壓力容器焊接規程》
　　JB3963-85 《壓力容器鍛件超聲波探傷》；
　　GB3323-87 《鋼熔化焊接接頭射線照相和質量分級》；
　　JB3965-85 《鋼制壓力容器磁粉探傷》；
　　GB1048-70 《管子和管路附件的公稱壓力和試驗壓力》
　　JB2921-81 《閥門電動裝置技術條件》；
　　GB10869-89 《電站調節閥技術條件》；
　　GB10869-89 《電站減溫減壓閥技術條件》；
　　JB2195-77 《YDF系列電動閥門用三相異步電機》；
　　JB2195-77 《YBDF-WF系列戶外，防腐、隔爆型電動閥門用三相異步電動機》；
　　GB3767-83 《噪聲源聲功率級的測定-簡易法》；

4.5.Equipment products designing and manufacturing shall comply with the following regulations and standards:
B3595-2002 “Valve Manufacturing Technology Condition of Hydropower Station”;
B2633-81 “Technological Condition of Boiler Forging”;
JB755-89 “Technological Condition of Pressure Container Forging ";
JB2640-81 “Technological Terms of Pipeline Enclosure of Boiler Bearing Cast Steel”;
JB/T4709-92 “Regulation of Steel Pressure Container Welding”
JB3963-85 “Ultrasonic Inspection of Pressure Container Forging Parts”;
 
GB3323-87 “Fusion Welding joint of raying and quality grade”;
 JB3965-85  “Magnetic Particle Testing of Steel Pressure Container”;

 GB1048-70 “Nominal Pressures and Testing Pressure of Tube and Pipeline Enclosure”

JB2921-81 “Technological Condition of Electronic Device of Valve”;
 GB10869-89 “Technological Condition of Governor Valve of Hydropower Station”;

 GB10869-89 “Technological Condition of Temperature and Pressure Reduction Pressure Relief Valve in Hydropower Station”;

JB2195-77 “YDF Serial Electronic Valves Which Applies Three-Phase Induction Motor”;
JB2195-77 “YBDF-WF Series Open door, Antiseptic, and Flame-Proof Type  electronic valve Which Applies Three-Phase Induction Motor”;
 GB3767-83 “Survey of Sound Source Power Grade of Noise - Simple Method”;

2012.10.21