報警系統計算推薦規程翻譯-中英對照

高速公路-鐵路平交道口報警系統確定報警時間和最小引路距離計算推薦規程
2007年修訂(4頁)
A.目的
這部分內容描述了高速公路-鐵路平交道口報警系統啟動報警裝置、確定報警時間和最小引路距離計算方式；報警時間的部分組件依次啟動(連續)，而其它組件可在相似時間啟動或重疊啟動。圖3310-1和3310-2描述各種組件之間的關系。
B.操作參數
1.最短報警時間(通過車輛運動響應) ：
通過車輛運動響應，最短報警時間是指在列車到來之前，在高速公路-鐵路平交道口報警設備活躍的最少時間。
2.最短時間(MT) ：
高速公路-鐵路平交道口報警設備列出正常通過響應時間的最小限度為20秒，要求符合MUTCD 8D.06和49 USC 234.225，
3.清除時間(CT) ：
a.如果MTCD (最小軌道清除距離)超出35英尺，每超過的10英尺或超出35英尺的部分，清除時間是一秒。
b.清除時間可以由政府機構或鐵路根據站點具體需要增加。清除時間的其它示例包括額外的同時間的優先、額外的門延遲時間和相鄰軌道清除時間。
AREMA® C&S手冊
3.3.10部分                                                                 2007
3.入口操作
當入口在使用時，每條入口攔路木向下行動且不少于3秒。在閃光燈啟動后，并且假設在列車正常運動到達入口前，橫向定位至少為5秒。
4.退出門清除時間(EGCT) ：
四極門禁系統，在入口攔路木開始下降后，出口門的清除時間是提供延長出口門攔路木下降的時間。這段時間是用于出口門動態方式操作和計時。參見手冊第3.1.15部分(自動高速公路-鐵路平交道口報警系統控制推薦功能/操作指南)。EGCT由政府機構按照MUTCD制定。
5.出口門操作方式(EGOM) ：
在確定EGOM時，必須給予特別考慮。評估因素應該包括：例如順流高速公路交通信號是否沒有與鐵路報警系統互聯、停車牌、車道，車行道寬度轉換、垂直和水平的曲線，如果車隊延伸到MTCD，必須確定視域阻礙和轉向運動。如果高速公路交通在交叉口沒有出口從，必須考慮動態EGOM的運用。EGOM由政府機構按照MUTCD制定。
6.緩沖時間(BT) ：
緩沖時間是任意的，并且除MT和CT之外，也可以列車處理較小變化范圍、軌道電路可變性和機車速度允許范圍提供。
7.設備響應時間(ERT) ：
調整控制電路設備響應時間。
8.預先搶占時間(APT) ：
在高速公路-鐵路平交道口報警設備的啟動前，提供政府機構指定的列車預先接近通知時期。計算APT時，應該考慮緩沖時間(BT)為零。
AREMA® C&S手冊
2007                                                                 3.3.10部分
參見手冊第3.1.10部分(自動高速公路-鐵路平交道口報警系統控制推薦功能/操作指南)，對預先搶占時間提供額外的指南。
9.全部報警時間(TWT) ：
確定如下：
最短時間20秒。
加上CT或EGCT  秒。
均等最短報警時間 秒。
加上BT  秒。
均等總報警時間  秒。
10.總引路時間(TAT) ：
確定如下：
總報警時間  秒。
加上ERT  秒。
加上APT  秒。
均等總引路時間 
11.總引路距離(TAD) ：
總方法距離(英尺) =總引路時間(秒) x最大授權速度(哩/時) x 1.47 (ft/秒)/(mi/小時)。
•1.47 =1秒內移動的距離/英尺。
•分別計算每條軌道距離。
2010 AREMA - 3
AREMA® C&S手冊
3.3.10部分                                                                2007
二個扇形門
總引路時間
設備響應 預先搶占時間 總報警時間
所有燈具閃動 
ERT ART 至少20秒 CT BT  在攔路木下落前，攔路木至少延遲3秒 攔路木下落 在火車進入交叉道口前，攔路木橫向至少5秒  
圖3310-1 ： 報警系統與或者無，二個扇形門
四個扇形門
總引路時間
設備響應 預先搶占時間 總報警時間
所有燈具閃動 
ERT ART 在攔路木下落前，攔路木至少延遲3秒 攔路木下落 在火車進入交叉道口前，攔路木橫向至少5秒 CT BT   出口攔路木延遲
EGCT 出口攔路木下落 橫向出口攔路木 
圖3310-2 ： 報警系統與或者無，四個扇形門
Recommended Instructions for Determining Warning Time and Calculating Minimum Approach Distance for Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems
Revised 2007 (4 Pages)
A. Purpose
This Manual Part recommends instructions to determine the warning time and calculate the minimum approach distance for railroad activated warning devices at highway-rail grade crossings. Some components of warning time occur in sequence (serial) to each other, while other components may be occurring at similar or overlapping times. Figures 3310-1 and 3310-2 depict the relationships between the various components.
B. Operating Parameters
1. Minimum Warning Time (Through Train Movements):
For through train movements, Minimum Warning Time is the least amount of time active warning devices shall operate prior to the arrival of a train at a highway-rail grade crossing.
2. Minimum Time (MT):
Highway-rail grade crossing warning devices shall operate for a minimum of 20 seconds for normal operation of through trains in accordance with MUTCD 8D.06 and 49 USC 234.225,
3. Clearance Time (CT):
a. If the MTCD (minimum track clearance distance) exceeds 35 ft,
clearance time is one second for each additional 10 ft, or portion
thereof, over 35 ft.
b. Clearance Time may also be added by the public agency or railroad
to  account  for site  specific  needs.     Examples  of additional
Clearance    Time    include    additional    time    for   simultaneous
preemption,  additional  gate  delay time  and/or adjacent track
clearance time.
2010 AREMA -1-
AREMA® C&S Manual
Part 3.3.10 2007
3. Entrance Gate Operation
When gates are used, each entrance gate arm shall start its downward motion not less than 3 sec. after flashing lights begin to operate and shall assume the horizontal position at least 5 sec. before the arrival of a normal train movement at the crossing.
4. Exit Gate Clearance Time (EGCT):
For four quadrant gate systems, the exit gate clearance time is the amount of time provided to delay the descent of the exit gate arm(s) after the entrance gate arm(s) begin to descend. This time is applied to both Timed and Dynamic Modes of exit gate operation. See Manual Part 3.1.15 (Recommended Functional/Operating Guidelines for Control of Automatic Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems) for guidance. EGCT is determined by the public agency per MUTCD.
5. Exit Gate Operating Mode (EGOM):
Special consideration must be given to determination of EGOM. Factors such as downstream highway traffic signal(s) not interconnected with the railroad warning system, stop signs, driveways, roadway width transition, vertical and horizontal curves, sight obstructions and turning movements should be evaluated to determine if vehicle queues may extend into the MTCD. In the event highway traffic does not have a free-flowing exit from the crossing, strong consideration should be given to utilization of Dynamic EGOM. EGOM is determined by the public agency per MUTCD.
6. Buffer Time (BT):
Buffer Time is discretionary and may be provided in addition to MT and CT to accommodate for minor variations in train handling, track circuit variability and allowable tolerances within locomotive speed measurement apparatus.
7. Equipment Response Time (ERT):
Adjustments shall be made to provide for control circuit Equipment Response Time.
8. Advance Preemption Time (APT):
The period of time specified by the Public Agency that provides advance notification of an approaching train prior to activation of the highway-rail grade crossing warning devices.   Buffer Time (BT) should be considered
-2- ©2010 AREMA
AREMA® C&S Manual
2007 Part 3.3.10
to be zero when calculating APT. See Manual Part 3.1.10 (Recommended Functional/Operating Guidelines for Interconnection Between Highway Traffic Signals and Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems), to provide additional guidance in determining Advance Preemption Time.
9. Total Warning Time (TWT):
Is determined as follows:
Minimum Time  20  sec.
Plus the greater of
CT or EGCT   sec.
Equals Minimum
Warning Time   sec.
Plus BT   sec.
Equals Total
Warning Time   sec.
10. Total Approach Time (TAT):
Is determined as follows:
Total Warning Time   sec.
plus ERT   sec.
plus APT   sec.
Equals Total sec.
Approach Time          
11. Total Approach Distance (TAD):
Total Approach Distance (feet) = Total Approach Time (sec) x Maximum Authorized Speed (mph) x 1.47 (ft/sec)/(mi/hr).
• 1.47 = Distance in feet traveled in 1 sec. at 1 mph.
• Distance for each track involved to be calculated separately.
2010 AREMA -3-
GATE DELAY
3 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE
GATES START
TOTAL WARNING TIME
-       ALL LIGHTS FLASH       -
20 SECONDS MINIMUM
CT
GATE HORIZONTAL
GATE DESCENT
5 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE TRAIN
ENTERS CROSSING
Figure 3310-1: Warning Systems with, or without, Two Quadrant Gates
FOUR QUADRANT GATE
TOTAL APPROACH TIME
EQUIPMENT RESPONSE
ADVANCED PREEMPTION
TOTAL WARNING TIME
GATE DELAY
3 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE
GATES START
TO DESCEND
20 SECONDS MINIMUM
CT
GATE HORIZONTAL
ENTRANCE
GATE DESCENT
5 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE TRAIN
EXIT GATE DELAY
EGCT
ENTERS CROSSING
EXIT
GATE
DESCENT
EXIT
GATE
HORIZONTAL
 Figure 3310-2: Warning Systems with, or without, Four Quadrant Gates

2013.1.27