16.4 Connectivity and infrastructure連通性與基礎設施

 It is understood by connectivity and infrastructure to the technological platform (fixed,

 movable wire nets, Internet, radio, television, PC′s, telecentros, etc.), that allows to

the access and use of the TIC

 As of year 1995, the sector of telecommunications has experienced transcendental

 changes in its structure, has journeyed of a regime with privilege of exclusive feature in

 the benefit of services to a system of free competition. These reforms have been translated in

 great benefits for the development of the telecommunications at national level. He is so at the

 present time we had 10 operators of telephony of long distance, 4 operators of movable

 telephony, 157 TV channels, 545 operators of broadcasting, 20 suppliers on watch of Internet

 and one variety of services, in costs and quality.據了解，技術平臺的連通性與基礎設施（固定、移動電線網，英特網，收音機，電視機，個人電腦，telecentros等等）使人們可以進入使用TIC。從1995年通訊部門已經歷了卓越的結構變革，經歷了服務的專營特權體制到競爭體制。這些變革使通訊在國內水平的發展受益。現如今擁有10個長途電話通信運營商，4個移動電話通信運營善，157個電視頻道，545個廣播運營商，20個英特網供應商，一種成本與質量的服務。

 Nevertheless this reality is only visible for those urban areas or centers, where they have been

 possible to generate market economies, this in direct and unbalanced resistance with the rural

 and periurbanas areas of the country, that even is marginalized in their access to the basic

 services of telecommunications. A sample of this is the development of the penetration of the

 service of fixed and movable telephony at national level, which has been increased

 significantly during the last years, arriving at almost 25 (24,76) lines each 100 inhabitants the

 2004 in the urban area, in comparison to much less than a line (0,4) by each 100 inhabitants

 in the rural areas.但是現實是，可以產生市場經濟的城市地區或中心可以享有，這鄉村地區以及城市邊緣的鄉村地區直接受到阻礙，即使在使用基本的通訊服務方面。一個事例就是國內固定與移動電話通信服務的滲入式發展，去年發展較為明顯，城市地區達到每100戶居民有大致25 (24,76)線路，而鄉村地區每100戶居民不到一條線路(0,4)。

 The services offered in the rural area, in addition to being extremely little, are almost in their

 majority services of public telephony, radio, and television, existing a great deficiency in the

 extension of other services like the Internet and the movable telephony.

 The access to the services of telecommunications in the rural area, appears like a very

 complex problem, where at the present time the only instrument on which it is counted for the

 masificación, is the obligations defined in contracts of concession for the operators who

 counted on a period of exclusive feature for the Services of Long Distance and Local

 Telephony. These have the obligation to serve in localities that they have between 351 and

 10,000 inhabitants. Additionally the new operators of the Services of Long National Distance

 and the International, must install and maintain at least one telephone line in localities with

 less than 350 inhabitants. These obligations have made possible the access to the rural area,鄉村地區提供的服務，非常少，主要是公用電話通信、收音機、電視機，其他服務非常缺乏如英特網、移動電話通信。鄉村地區享受通訊服務看起來是一個非常復雜的問題。目前，唯一依靠的工具是masificación，享有一定時期長途服務與當地電話通信專營特權的運營商許可契約里規定的強制義務。義務是向351戶到10,000居民提供當地服務。此外新的國內長途與國際長途運營商應在少于350戶居民的位置安裝至少一條電話線。這些義務使鄉村地區可能使用通訊工具。